Essay on Timing of PubertyEssay Writing Service

Paper on Timing of PubertyEssay Writing Service Paper on Timing of Puberty Paper on Timing of PubertyPuberty impacts young men and young ladies differently.â Early and late adolescence can turn into the wellspring of issues now and again. For young ladies early pubescence can turn into the wellspring of mental issues. It can likewise frame negative impression of their bodies. Much of the time young ladies who experience pubescence early can put on additional weight and in our general public just slender body is normally seen as beautiful.â what's more, genuinely develop body isn't constantly enhanced by the equivalent mental turn of events and this may cause confuse in looks and behaviors.â Late adolescence likewise carries issues to young ladies. They regularly feel humiliated in light of the fact that they don't resemble their peers.â Self-regard is frequently harmed which can have negative effect on further life. Moreover, late pubescence may turn into the indication of genuine medical issues or hereditary disorders.The circumstance is distinctiv e with young men. Early adolescence doesn't for the most part have negative effect on them. They feel progressively manly and develop, find new things about themselves.â Early pubescence gives young men increasingly athletic promotion prepared body, which promises them additional prevalence in the society.â now and again early adolescence may turn into a diverting element which keeps teenagers from study. Late adolescence makes a ton of issues for young men. Absence of physical force, disappointment with own look, low confidence are just some possibleâ results recently puberty.â In numerous cases young men with late pubescence feel uncouth in contrast with their peers.â Unfortunately, negative demeanor to claim body as a rule remains in any event, when the adolescence age at long last comes.

Lease Essay free essay sample

Goals and key issue of DE-242 The updated DE is meant to improve the quality and equivalence of money related porting by giving a more noteworthy straightforwardness about the influence, the benefit that an element utilized in its activities, and the hazard to which it is uncovered from going into rent exchanges (SAAB DE-242, 2013). Renter Accounting The DE needs all leases to be perceived as right-of-utilization resources and rent liabilities, with the exception of present moment leases.SAAB 11 7 just requires money leases to be perceived on articulations. This exposition will concentrate on tenants and perceiving working leases on fiscal summaries as the DE influences them the most. Introduction of Statements Financial explanations will incorporate more lines of things because of promoting working leases. Things incorporate right-of-utilization resource, rent obligation, intrigue cost and amortization. This guarantees quantitative data is given to choice makers.Disclosures Additional subjective data, for example, depictions of leases is to be remembered for articulations because of the staggering multifaceted nature for clients to comprehend components, for example, how factor rent installments are resolved. Improved revelations will help clients to comprehend the extra data to be introduced on explanations. Impacts of DE-242 Recognizing working leases Current circumstance Operating leases are an approach to maintain a strategic distance from on-monetary record obligation to offer money related expressions look all the more engaging (F;libber, Silva Fertility, 2006, p. 1).Beauties, Goodyear and Thomson (2000) assessed that working leases were around multiple times bigger than money leases. The fascination in characterize rents as working is the capacity to control proportions and along these lines increment fund openings (Leo, Hogget Sweating, 2012, p. 343) (Hartman Same, 1989, for example, low-intrigue advances. Duke, Whish and Us (2009) rented an examination on capitalization of working leases and found that organizations concealed billions Of dollars Of liabilities, upgraded held profit, salary and proportions by announcing leases as operating.Effects of promoting working leases The impacts of the DE are inquired about to check the effect of the progressions and the helpfulness of the new data gave to the client. Canadian investigations brought about the acknowledgment of extra resources and liabilities on the accounting report, expanding the obligation resource proportion and diminishing current proportion (Drencher, 201 0, up. 227-256). New Zealand concentrates on materiality showed impacts on revealed liabilities, in this way influencing influence. It additionally demonstrated abatements in liquidity and benefit (Bennett Bradbury, 2003, p. 1 12).US investigations were done and detailed back to the FAST contrasting different rent capitalization methods on five US companies. The examination sums up that due to the important suspicions to private enterprise rents, the capitalization must be considered a gauge, so insofar as organizations are not required to uncover the real parameters (Biostatic, Evanescent Coffee, 2013, p. 98). The DE will expel estimation vulnerabilities and give clients an exact picture of the companys resources and risk commitments. It will likewise give examiners data that will empower educated choices on the companys worth.However, underwriting working leases causes changes in value which will influence speculator and loan boss choices concerning whether to back a firm on account of the expanded hazard being surveyed (Beauties et al. , 2006, p. 82). However, this permits clients to appropriately survey an organizations genuine productivity, obligation and hazard levels when choosing if putting resources into the firm will lead o positive returns. Budget report introduction Balance sheets For the two kinds of leases, a right-of-utilization resource and rent obligation is to be recorded. Working leases already just should have been expensed, in this way deceptive clients about the organizations productivity by exaggerating return-on-resources and downplaying obligation value proportions (Tat, 2013, p. 128). Previous SAAB executive, David Tweeted, discovered billions of dollars worth of leases don't show up on asset reports blocking clients to settle on educated choices. The SAAB and FIRS accept that distinguishing the connection between right-of-utilization resources and straightforwardness liabilities from the rent understanding gives valuable data to clients (Ernst Young, 2013, p. 55) in light of the fact that rented resources are utilized comparably to claimed assets.Capitalizing right-of-utilization resources permits clients to distinguish resources that assume a job in benefit rumination and liabilities owing improving loyal portrayal in divulgences. Information, Lippie and Wright (1993, p. 362) found when attempting to decide roughness in an organizations shares, securities exchange speculators consolidate working leases to help their choice. Successfully, speculators who recently didn't approach such data will presently be given it. Nonetheless, expanding resources and liabilities will bring about lower return-on-resources (joining amortization) and higher obligation value ratios.Firms with a lot of working leases will confront enormous vacillations on fiscal reports (Tat, 2013, p. 1 30) which will adversely influence leaders to put resources into the firm. P explanations Type A leases require rent related amortization and intrigue costs caused to be appeared on two separate lines. For instance, amortization, for example, lease cost, share unexpected attributes in comparison to intrigue cost along these lines it is sensible to isolate them. Lease cost is amortized against the obligation while intrigue cost shows clients the hazard return exchange off.Currently, rent related liabilities are just expensed. The new proposition will supplant costs with amortization and intrigue cost in this way affecting EBITDA (PWS, 2010, p. 1) bringing about expanded obligation value proportions and lower return-on-resources because of overall gain diminishing and all out resources expanding (Maharanis, 2011 , up. 64-65). The particular increments and diminishes give clients increasingly precise data on influence, hazard and productivity proportions since residents should record amortization, balancing he right-of-utilization resource, and intrigue expense.Currently, recording them as one line of cost suggests to clients that advantages are rented chance free. Income explanations Cash installments for Type A leases are to be introduced in Financing Activities. This shows clients how tenants mean to back the procurement of right-of-utilization resources. Type B rent installments are to be introduced in Operating Activities. This ought to reflect how the renter intends to pay the rent obligation Of the benefit. (Ernst youthful, 201 3, p. 4) The procurement of a right-of-utilization resource will make an expansion in working money inflows because of the advantage being utilized in the creation procedure of merchandise, bringing about income. By promoting working leases, clients can now precisely decide return-on-resources and obligation value proportions. Income proclamations are valuable for clients to recognize how much cash a firm has and the amount they can get. On the off chance that uncial explanation divulgences Lessee bookkeeping Devilries and Midfielder (2013, p. 1) call attention to lacks of AS-1 7 under the applied system, for example, deficient divulgences Of substances renting activities.The DE sets out new exposure prerequisites of the compromises f sums perceived in the announcement of budgetary position, development investigation of limited rent installments, and story revelations about leases like data about the variable rent installments. (Ernst Young, 201 3, up. 56-57). Some money related proportions might be modified since there are changes in the way of guaranteeing chiefs comprehend the outline of renting exercises, for example, mirroring the right-of-utilization resource and the rent risk (Devilries Midfielder, 2013, p. 656).New York Universitys considers looked at the impacts of capitalization of working leases bringing about lower overall gain because of intrigue and amortization, obligation proportions expanding and lower return-on-value. In this way the new prerequisites will build the measure of data uncovered about rented resources and liabilities, including data about the premise, terms and conditions on deciding variable rent installments, remaining worth certifications and limitations forced by leases, which can improve the unwavering quality and naturally of the fiscal report for the clients.

Langdon, John

Langdon, John Langdon, John, 1741â€"1819, American political leader, b. Portsmouth, N.H. A prosperous merchant, Langdon was active in pre-Revolutionary activities. In 1775 he became a delegate to the Continental Congress, and in Nov., 1775, he accompanied Robert R. Livingston and Robert Treat Paine on an unsuccessful mission to win Canada to the patriot cause. In the Saratoga campaign (1777) he financed the New Hampshire militia under Gen. John Stark in the expedition against General Burgoyne, and he saw action himself at Bennington and Saratoga. After the war he was (1785â€"86, 1788â€"89) president (governor) of New Hampshire. Langdon was a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention, and it was largely through his efforts that New Hampshire ratified the Constitution as the ninth state, thus making the instrument effective. As U.S. Senator (1789â€"1801) he aligned himself more and more with the Jeffersonians, but he declined national offices. Langdon was governor of New Hampshire from 1805 to 1809 and from 1810 to 1812. See biography by L. S. Mayo (1937, repr. 1970). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

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Essay about Importance of Manners in Pride and Prejudice

Importance of Manners in Pride and Prejudice Manners have survived throughout the many passing years of history and culture to influence the ways human beings interact even today in the way we relate to one another: what is acceptable and unacceptable social behavior. Proper manners in everything from conversation to eating have long been distinguishing mark of social status. Even now they are often important in business and social situations. But in the eighteenth century, manners were paramount. Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice, set at the end of the eighteenth century, explores the many humorous eccentricities in a world of etiquette and proper conduct. When love, pride, clumsiness and transparency are†¦show more content†¦Bennet humorously exposes the absurdity of Ms. Bennets statement. Often Elizabeth pokes fun at situations, in a very similar ironical vein to her father. While Elizabeth and her sister Jane are discussing an evening at the ball, Jane mentions how flattered she was that Mr. Bingley had asked her to dance twice. Elizabeth replies that Jane should have no reason for surprise: He could not help noticing you were five times prettier than any other woman in the room. No thanks to his gallantry for that. Well, certainly he is very agreeable, and I give you leave to like him. (p. 9) The whole premise of the discussion between Jane and Elizabeth was more or less an evaluation of Janes feelings for Mr. Bingley. Although both of them knew this, normally nothing would be said of it. Elizabeth, ignoring the context, bluntly states what Jane is really wondering when she says I give you leave to like him. The irony of this situation (exposed by Elizabeths statement) is that Elizabeth certainly does not determine Janes feelings for Mr. Bingley; the farthest extent of Elizabeths consequential opinion is that she finds Mr. Bingley agreeable. Mr. Collins, perhaps the most humorous character in the book, is always concerned for the well being of others. He adheres to stern and moral code of conduct, but he is very much lacking in common sense. As Elizabeth states, Mr. Collins was not a sensible man, and the deficiency ofShow MoreRelatedPride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. 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Case Study of Indian Ocean Tsunami Free Essays

Case Study of the Indian Ocean Tsunami On December 26, 2004, the Indian Ocean earthquake, or the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, caused a tsunami that killed 230,000 people and was recorded as the deadliest tsunami in known history. The earthquake was recorded as between 9. 1 and 9. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study of Indian Ocean Tsunami or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3 on the Richter scale, the second largest earthquake ever recorded. It was also recorded as the longest one, triggering earthquakes as far away as Alaska. Following the disaster, a worldwide effort raised billions of dollars in tsunami relief. Consequences The initial toll by the U. S. Geological Survey was 283,100 dead. However, actual figures counted 229,886. About one-third of the dead are children because they were least able to fight the waters. Additionally, nearly 9,000 foreign tourists were dead or missing. The disaster affected Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, the Maldives, Somalia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Seychelles and others in South East Asian. In some areas, drinking water supplies and farm fields are contaminated for the long term by the ocean’s salt waters. The United Nations stated that the relief effort will be the costliest in history and reconstruction may take up to ten years. One of the biggest fears was the spread of diseases, which prompted non-governmental organizations and relief agencies to increase humanitarian aid. Furthermore, the economic impact is devastating on both the national and local levels. Costal fishing communities are some of the poorest in the region, and fishing exports account for substantial earnings of the countries. Nearly two-thirds of the fishing fleet and infrastructure were destroyed. The earthquake and ensuing tsunami changed the seabed in the Malacca Straits, and new navigational charts would have to be created. Additionally, tourism is greatly impacted as foreigners canceled their trips to South East Asian. The disaster also has a great environmental impact as it inflicted severe damage on ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, forests, coastal wetlands, vegetation, sand dunes and rock formations, animal and plant biodiversity and groundwater. The spread of wastes and industrial chemicals further polluted waters and threaten ecosystems. The invading seawater also contaminated freshwater, destroying the critical environment habitable for coral reefs. Citizen Response The public was generous in donating to tsunami aid. For instance, in the United Kingdom, the public donated nearly US$600,000,000. Compared to the government, the donation was quite substantial, averaging around $10 per person, including the homeless and children. Government Response Governments and humanitarian organizations responded by providing sanitation facilities and fresh drinking water to prevent a wave of diseases from increasing the death toll. The quick response mitigated and contained diseases such as cholera, diphtheria, dysentery, and typhoid that could have inflicted even more damage. Also, there was a substantial movement to bury bodies to prevent the spread of disease. Globally, countries provided over US$3 billion in aid. The government of Australia pledged nearly US$820 million and the United States pledged $950 million. In the US, a joint effort by former Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton led the effort to provide private aid to tsunami victims. The Boxing Day Tsunami of 2004 must go down in human history as one of our greatest ever disasters. A magnitude 9. 0 earthquake, the most powerful to hit anywhere in the last 40 years, created tidal waves in the Indian Ocean that killed at least 225,000 people in 11 countries. Sri Lanka was hit quite hard, with over 32,000 dead and approx. 5 percent of the population there left homeless. In Indonesia more than 150,000 were killed and over 12,000 lost their lives in India, most in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. In Thailand there were more than 5,000 deaths many of whom were foreign tourists. The devastation to services, property and buildings from the effects of the Tsunami was so immense that international appeals were launched for aid to the victims, of unprecedented proportions. The disaster spawned immediate and renewed scientific interest in Tsunamis from researchers all over the world. How Tsunamis are formed, where they may strike, their likelihood of occurrence of any significance, their characteristics and ways in which their potentially devastating effects may perhaps be mitigated, are questions that many researchers are seeking answers to. Whilst Tsunamis are not an entirely new phenomena, and a significant amount of scientific literature can be found that addresses many of these questions (Bryant, 2001), it is clear that much still needs to be done to gain a better understanding of Tsunami wave-structure interaction effects on buildings and building elements n a key issue with respect to structure integrity and survival against the effects of a Tsunami. Indian Ocean Tsunami (26th December 2004) The Indian Ocean tsunami (sometimes called the Boxing Day tsunami in the UK) was caused by a 9. 1 magnitude earthquake. The earthquake occurred under the Indian Ocean NW of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The earthquake was at a depth of 30km and caused a huge rupture that triggered waves of up to 30m in height. The giant tsunami affected many countries around the Indian Ocean. The hardest hit was Indonesia, where up to 170,000 people were killed (exact figures are unknown because many bodies were never recovered). In total about 230,000 people are believed to have lost their lives, with a further 125,000 injured and over 1. 5 million displaced (again these figure vary because not all bodies were recovered or injured recorded). The tsunami killed locals and tourists alike, many tourists were killed because they were on beaches or in hotels near the beach. Many local who work in the tourism or fishing industry were also effected. In many fishing villages fatalities were actually higher amongst women, because many men were at sea fishing (if you are out of sea, past where the sea bed shallows, tsunami actually appear as big ripples and will not destroy the boats). The Indian Ocean tsunami triggered one of the biggest humanitarian efforts of all time. Below is a summary of some of the different responses at different scales. How to cite Case Study of Indian Ocean Tsunami, Free Case study samples

The Innovative Ducati Scrambler Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Innovative Ducati Scrambler. Answer: Introduction: The bike Ducati Scrambler in 1968 was marketed in Italy and were the most wanted and beloved bikes of the country (Debord, 2017). Ducati was manufactured primarily for the American markets and till 1968 it underwent modifications for the number of times till the true Ducati scramble having the wide casing is developed.Imola in 1972 was one of the remarkable achievements in the history of the company and afterwards, in 1988, the superbike championship was won by the Ducati (Debord, 2017). The series of the scramble bikes includes the bikes with the heads of Desmo cylinders and is also subjected to the continuous adjustments in the technical part till 1974, the time when the production of the bikes halted (Debord, 2017). There are a variety of reasons for the commercial success of the bikes such as the excellent frame which is used for the track racing and also an engine which perfectly suits its function within the bike (Zineldin, 2000). The innovative Ducati Scrambler in the true sense is one of the neo retro motorcycles and is designed in such a way of post heritage. Ducati scramble is believed to build as one of the legendary bikes of today (Debord, 2017). Steps in the marketing Plan: Themarketing plan of the company is the process where the companies determine the products and services of the product as per the consumer interest and the strategies that increase the communications, sales and the business of the company. Amarketing plan is a process which helps the organisation to create the value for the consumer and also building the strong consumer relationship for capturing and getting the positive feedback from the consumer in return (Zineldin, 2000). The target of an organisation related to the product is to be specific in the marketing plan and concerns the objectives such as the markets growth, profitability, financial resources, efficiency, social responsibility and organizational structure (Debord, 2017). Initially, the market plan starts with an overview of the present situation and providing a benchmark with the refining and adaptation of the plan in the future months. The starting will include the advantages and the challenges which the product will face as per the threats faced by the competitors, then to list the target audience as per the category (Mandal, 2017). After this, the company shall list its marketing goals for the future years. Then is the section of the strategies and tactics and gives the company an overview of the marketing strategies and listing the required tactics that are employed for the execution (Mandal, 2017). The final section of the plan includes the brief breakdown of the budget and the cost that is associated with the marketing plan of the product. The marketing plan strategies are to be as per the company budget. With this, the senior management of the company is to revise the marketing plans goals, the present financial status of the organisation and after this; the funds are to be allocated by the senior management in the marketing plan (Mandal, 2017). Marketing goals: The goal of the Ducati Scrambler is to focus on increasing the sale of the bikes by 30% annually and business expansion in the different countries of Asia (Mandal, 2017). Monitoring of the progress of the marketing plan: Hence the different steps involved in the growth of the marketing plan are: Step1: Determine the company Mission. Step 2: Current resources Assessment Step 3: Evaluation of the risk and the opportunities of the organisation (Abdullah Saif, 2015). Step-4: Marketing strategy planning. Step-5: Marketing plan monitoring and implementation Mission: The mission of the Ducati scrambler is to becommitted towards the consumer satisfaction, with the offering of the great services, products, and the accessories related to the scramble as per the merits offering. The philosophy of the company is to be a leader in the innovation and technology and to fulfil the dreams of the consumers related to their product (Abdullah Saif, 2015). The mission of the Ducati is to incorporate its philosophy of winning the consumer trust and heart with the innovative technologies and a tradition of the excellence and success in the racing and road motorcycles. The brand philosophy of the scrambler is the land of Joy, performance, Sophistication and Ducatis style (Abdullah Saif, 2015). Developing the bike that is fun to ride, youthful, distinctive and is easily accessible by the consumers. Scrambler is the product that shares the new vision which enhances the expression and the creativity. Product shares the universe of joy, fun, and freedom among the consumer with the spirit that is fulfilled and having multipurpose styles for the youth (Abdullah Saif, 2015). Swot Analysis: The strength and weakness are the internal factors of the products which are to be managed at the time of the marketing planning. And the Threats and the opportunities are the external factors which are not managed by the company. Hence the organisation can only let them be prepared for collecting the opportunities and face the threats in the coming future (Abdullah Saif, 2015). SWOT analysis helps in understanding the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the product and work in accordance with the growth and the development of the product through the technological changes and the competition (Abdullah Saif, 2015). The main Competitors of Ducati Scrambler are the Harley Davidson an American company which focuses on the life style with the strong American support. Company Owes the Buell motorcycles which are providing strong competition in the segment of the naked sports. Triumph makes the bikes that are unbreakable and applied the principles of the Japanese production (Abdullah Saif, 2015). Honda is also one of the competitors of Scramble because of its focus on the cost and also innovative in technology. It has produced more than 5,4mn bikes. The key aspect on which the company is to focus on the competition in the market and the companies management have to keep a close watch on the position of the business rivalry in the business environment (Abdullah Saif, 2015). Marketing Objectives The marketing plan of the Scrambler needs certain marketing objectives that are the gaols which are set by the organisation at the time of promoting the bike scramble within the time frame which is preset (Mulhern, 2009). The organisation can determine the goals with having the required knowledge about the philosophy, values, and culture that is important. This knowledge gives the direction to the consumers, employees and the suppliers. Such goals help in motivating the employees and gaining the consumer trust with communicating those companies are not only concerned with the profits but also with the consumers, employees and the supplier's satisfaction (Mulhern, 2009). The three objective of the company is based on the SMART which means S-specific, M-measurable, A-attainable, R-realistic, and T-time bound. The goals of the Ducati scramble are to be specifically related to sales of the company or the expansion in the other countries (Beeler, 2017). The goals are to be measureable as the sales to be increases in the respective figure estimated by the company and such goals are to be realistic which is achievable in the given time frame (Mulhern, 2009). The company is to launch its new stores globally and recent launch to be done in India. With companioning with the Triumph Street Triple and Kawasaki Z800 price factor. The second objective of the company is to boost the sales of the Scramble in the countries up to 50 % (Mulhern, 2009). The third marketing objective of the company is the build the innovative brand in the global markets and increasing the recognition relationship among the company products and promises by 20% in the coming six months (Mulhern, 2009). The Financial objective of the company is to increase 25% net profit of the organisation through Ducati Scramble in the coming next six months. Gross profit, the net return on the investment and the profit on the sale are certain ratios which help in estimating the organisation financial position and performance (Beeler, 2017). The financial objective is to determine the cost of the certain products that are to be used in the production of the scrambler bikes to make the bikes better as compared to the competitors and the quality is to be higher (Mulhern, 2009). The cost financial objective is to determine the balance which allows the company in creating the scramble which meets the standards of the company and also with the best possible price. The profit projections are to be significant and are too monitored closely for generating the required revenue in the six months. The digital marketing mix Strategies: The digital marketing communications are adopted by the company for the challenges related to the online marketing. The tools related to the digital marketing include the affiliate marketing, displaying ads and advertisement on click (Palomino, 2005). The company will adapt the social marketing as the digital marketing strategies and develop a strong image of the product and attract more consumers towards it. The promotional activities are entered by the companies as the vital fact with the believe in defining the value of the brand and hence launching the advertisements and commercials that propagates the scramble with the maximum advantage (Palomino, 2005). The digital marketing roped many of the celebrities as the brand Ambassador for the product Scramble like the Ruby Rose, Matt Moran, Zoe Naylor and Will Davison. Company for the marketing of the product takes part in certain sports and events Such as the British SuperbikeChampionship, AMA Superbike Championship, and certain other sports events (Caemmerer, 2009). Action programs designed to achieve the marketing and financial objective: The strategies of the marketing which will help in achieving the financial and the marketing objectives; includes the marketing and the promotional strategies which helps in increasing the sales of the products such as the training programmes, advertisement, direct marketing, websites, and trade shows (Rich, 2000). The budget action plan is too held within the budget of the organisation. The organisation is to revise the marketing plans goals and present status of the company finances and then the management to allocate funds related to the marketing plan (Rich, 2000). The positioning of the scramble is to be done in such a way that its attracts the valuable and the target consumer towards the scrambler (Rich, 2000). For this, the company is to opt for the marketing mix that is best suited for the growth and success of Ducati scramble. Implementation and control of the marketing plan: With the completion of the marketing plan, the other step is so implementing the marketing plan and monitoring the progress of the plan and guides the strategies which are to be continued or to be changed for achieving the goals of the company related to the products. The performance analysis is to be done for monitoring the marketing plan. The performance analysis is furthered concluded on the basis of the sales, financial and expenses (Rich, 2000). Performance analysis can be done by further different types of analysis that are sale analysis, share analysis, Expense analysis, and financial analysis (Rich, 2000). Therefore, the discussed marketing plan and analysis of the Ducati scramble determines the marketing plan achievement and resulted in appropriate changes in the strategy where it is necessary (Caemmerer, 2009). References Abdullah Saif, N. (2015). How does Marketing Strategy Influence Firm Performance? Implementation of Marketing Strategy for Firm Success.International Journal Of Innovation And Economic Development,1(3), 7-15. Beeler, J. (2017).Has Ducati Built a Bridge Too Far with the Scrambler? - Asphalt Rubber.Asphalt Rubber. Retrieved 29 September 2017, from https://www.asphaltandrubber.com/oped/ducati-scrambler-marketing-analysis/ Caemmerer, B. (2009). The planning and implementation of integrated marketing communications.Marketing Intelligence Planning,27(4), 524-538. Debord, M. (2017).The Ducati Scrambler was a bike for hippies - but now it's a motorcycle for hipsters.Business Insider. Retrieved 29 September 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/The-Ducati-Scrambler-was-a-bike-for-hippies-but-now-its-a-motorcycle-for-hipsters/articleshow/58284749.cms Mandal, P. (2017). Understanding Digital Marketing Strategy.International Journal Of Scientific Research And Management. Mulhern, F. (2009). Integrated marketing communications: From media channels to digital connectivity.Journal Of Marketing Communications,15(2-3), 85-101. Palomino, F. (2005). Relative performance objectives in financial markets.Journal Of Financial Intermediation,14(3), 351-375. Rich, M. (2000). How to Develop A Strategic Marketing Plan: A Step?by?Step Guide20001Norton Paley. How to Develop A Strategic Marketing Plan: A Step?by?Step Guide. St. Lucie Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1999. , ISBN: ISBN 1?57444?269?4 $44.95 (hb).Journal Of Business Industrial Marketing,15(4), 291-294. Zineldin, M. (2000). Beyond relationship marketing: technologicalship marketing.Marketing Intelligence Planning,18(1), 9-23.

Teacher Interview free essay sample

What degrees do you have and why did you choose to teach? Mrs. Henry received her bachelor’s degree from Hampton University in 1986. Under the supervision of her old high school she was able to assist the elementary, preferably kindergarten through the six grades. That was where her journey began even though her math teacher wanted her to pursue a career in engineering . However, with the asking love that she had for her young students was overwhelming she could not turn from her goal of becoming a teacher. What motivates you to keep teaching? What motivates Mr. Henry to keep teaching is the need for dedicated teachers to fill the void of educating the future generation with the gratification that she received through her accomplishments and positive repertoire with students and their parents. Teaching them the value of self-worth that promotes the love of learning and receiving higher levels of education. We will write a custom essay sample on Teacher Interview or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She also said that these young people are not only her students, but also an iatrical part of her school family. Over the years they gathered for several reunions in which she was introduced to their families. What has been your worst teaching moment? One of her worst teaching moments came recently in her 28th years of teaching. When a student disrespected her by an outburst of profanity. She disregarded class rules, respect for herself and peers. She rant and raved about her pleas to turn in all completed assignments despite her blatant disrespect toward Mrs. Henry. Although, she disrespected Mrs. Henry on numerous occasions she still treated her with dignity and respect. This was done to show her that the’re other ways of expressing one’s anger. She was then promoted to the middle school and to Mrs. Henry surprised she returned to her class with an enthusiastic hug and apology. She told her that she spent the summer thinking about what she had done, and mostly about how Mr. Henry treated her with love and respect. What has been your best teaching moment? Mrs. Henry best teaching moment is that â€Å"oh ho† moment when the student finally understands a skill being taught. This was received with excitement on their face exclaiming that Mrs. Henry makes teaching fun. What do you wish you had known before you started teaching? Ms. Henry wishes she had known she didn’t need all of those theory classes in college. What would you say your biggest challenges were as a first-year teacher? The biggest challenge Mrs. Henry had as a first year teacher was establishing class rules and assuring herself to the students, because she came in after the school year had begun. And, her first day on the job as a government shut down where all employees were on strike. This was a major struggle for Mrs. Henry because she found it very difficult building relationships with her employees that considered her to be a ( Scap) meaning not showing the commitment of striking. However throughout the years they became best of friends. If you had one piece of advice for an entry year teacher, what would it be? One piece of advice she would give to a first year teacher would be, that the teaching profession enables love to positively change and mold lives. Lifelong relationships can foster through and embrace each child to become successful members of our modern society. And, it’s definitely not a get rich profession . If you had it to do all over again, what would you change? If she could do it all over again she would like to change the minds of high level officials, community members, and anyone who takes advantage of our youths,by not providing them with the necessary materials, technological equipment, and proper facilities.

The Alchemist Summary Part One Essays

The Alchemist Summary Part One Essays The Alchemist Summary Part One Essay The Alchemist Summary Part One Essay Mabel Medina July 1, 2012 English 513 Kelly Understand The Alchemist Summary In â€Å"Part One† of The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho, is so far about a boy named Santiago starting out his quest in the search of his Personal Legend. Santiago is a shepherd who likes to travel and enjoys being around his sheep. Although he travels all over, there was a certain village the shepherd boy enjoyed going to sell his sheep’s wool because he liked the merchant’s daughter. The author describes Santiago recall why he decided to become a shepherd and how his father helped him by giving him three gold coins to buy his flock of sheep. The boy was happy being a shepherd; he had his sheep, a jacket and book. One day, Santiago went to a Gypsy where he tells her about a recurrent dream he has had about finding treasure in the Egyptian pyramids. The Gypsy does not give him a lot of information about his dream, but does tell him that if he finds the treasure, to give her one-tenth. Later on that day, the boy is reading his book, when an old man came by him and tried to start a conversation. When the old man finally got the boy’s attention, he tells him he is the King of Salem, and how he can find the hidden treasure, but wants one-tenth of his sheep in return. The old man also tells the boy to not give up and to go forth and search for the treasure before it is too late and he gives up. The next day, Santiago met up with the old man and gives him one-tenth of his sheep. In return, the old man gave the boy advice that would be helpful throughout his journey, and two rocks, Urim and Thummim (one black meaning yes, and the other white, meaning no), to help him read omens better. Santiago began his journey and went to Africa. While in Africa, as the author describes, the boy feels insecure because of the language barrier, but quickly entrusts in a boy who speaks the same language as he and invites him along his journey. The two boys go into the plaza, and Santiago’s new friend is suddenly out of sight, with all of his money, and he later realizes that his â€Å"friend† has robbed him. The following day, the boy observes a candy seller, and as he is doing so, he realizes that he needs to have patience on his journey. A crystal merchant notices Santiago in the plaza and watches him. Santiago offers to clean his glass windows in exchange for food. As Santiago was working, two customers went in the shop, and the crystal merchant offers him a job, taking the customers as a good omen. The boy accepts, telling him that he will work for him until he has enough money to buy some sheep.

Participation Exercise #9 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Participation Exercise #9 - Assignment Example Activity Based Costing is more efficient to manufacturing companies and provides a more efficient, effective and economical costing system. The different manufacturing companies have different activities that together make up the overheads that the company incurs in their operations. Its application to manufacturing companies will provide an easy accounting and costing system that will aid in providing more accurate accounting in an efficient manner. The costing system also considers the application of overheads to the different products produced in a manner more logical hence successfully compared to the traditional means that allocate costs to the different machine hours employed. The ability of the system to consider each activity and its costs makes it more efficient for manufacturing companies due to their approach to costing and operations. It bases on the different activities that prove to be the real cause of the

Clever Marketing in the Luxury Fashion Industry Essay

Clever Marketing in the Luxury Fashion Industry - Essay Example Talented designers, nowadays, unlike their counterparts from before, can no longer merely rely on their talent. In fact, they are forced to share profits such as the Gucci Group and the LVMH in order to increase their sales through marketing. Without a doubt, the luxury fashion industry makes use of clever marketing strategies in order to keep the brand alive. It is then in relation to this that this research seeks to look into the concept of clever marketing and how this posed implications to the industry. Furthermore, this paper also examines the said strategies and how these affect the companies. In order to achieve this then, the researcher employs the questionnaire method in order to gain the perceptions of the members of Gucci, LVMH, and Richemont with regard to clever marketing and how these affect them. a Luxury, style, and elegance have traditionally been associated with the French way of life. In fact, the first so-called ‘grands against’ were found in their capital and these were associated with values of sensuality, luxury, innovation and premium service. Added to this was the manner by which the architecture conveyed senses of majesty and power thereby defining the shopping experience for the wealthy consumers. Hence, fashion becomes more than just a matter of clothes and accessories. Rather, it has been of vital importance and influence that structures the culture, identity, and lifestyle of a certain society, Okonkwo. Central then to this luxurious shopping experience is coveted products that are authentic, exudes quality and craftsmanship, and most importantly, demonstrate exclusivity.  

Composition Of The Complex Ion By Continuous Variation Biology Essay

Composition Of The Complex Ion By Continuous Variation Biology Essay Transition metals will normally form a complexes or coordination compound. In other words, transition metal ions will form complexes ions by coordination. Those complexes are formed by the coordination of lone pairs of electron from donor is called a ligand to an atom or cation, which is also known as an acceptor which has empty orbital to accommodate them. A cation may form a complex with a neutral molecule. Besides that, an atom may also form a complex. The charge remaining on the central atom or ion when the ligands are removed with their lone pairs is called the oxidation number of the metal in the complex. The number of atom forming coordinate bonds with the central atom or ion is called the coordination number. Iron is one of the transition metal found in the periodic table. When iron is at the oxidation state of +3, it will form an octahedral complex. Fe3+ tends to be stabilized which is relative to Fe2+ by anionic ligands which have its greatest affinity for oxygen donor include phosphate, tartrate, citrate, oxalate and EDTA. The color of these complexes is normally pale in color due 6A1g ground state and the occurrence of spin-forbidden which is visible to see. Fe3+ in acidic solution consisted of an anions which have low ability of coordination. All ultraviolet spectrophotometers consist of a photoelectric device which is used to measure the radiant energy. The 4 essential components of the spectrophotometers are a source of radiant energy, the spectrophotometer or monochromator, the absorption-cell assembly and the photometer or detecting device. The spectrophotometers components will permit the selection of radiant energy of the desired wavelength. A quartz prism or a ruled grating is normally employed as the dispersive element in order to separate a continuous spectrum into its constituent wavelengths. T The optical system of the spectrometer is designed to give different angle of incidence so that the radiant energy of a desired wavelength can be selected to emerge from the exit slit of the spectrometer. The entrance slit is necessary to ensure that the light entering the spectrometers be parallel although at the same time limiting its intensity; the exit slit limits the spectral width of the radiant energy emerging from the spectrophotometer to make this emergent beam as monochromatic. When there is an entrance-slit width is small relative to the exit-slit widths, this will make the spectral range to be narrower but the intensity of the emergent light is weak. By increasing the width of the entrance slit relative to the exit slit will widens the spectral range but the relative intensity at the nominal wavelength is higher. In order to have enough intensity for photometric measurements with prism spectrometers it is necessary to vary the slit width when the wavelength change, this r equires a synchronous adjustment of the two slit widths. Methods/Apparatus: Result: X1L (mol) Absorbance at ÃŽ » (nm) Average(nm) 1 2 0.1 0.053 0.060 0.0565 0.2 0.098 0.103 0.1005 0.3 0.126 0.131 0.1285 0.4 0.143 0.147 0.1450 0.5 0.146 0.152 0.1490 0.6 0.138 0.144 0.1410 0.7 0.117 0.123 0.1200 0.8 0.086 0.092 0.0890 0.9 0.049 0.036 0.0425 Graph: From the graph above, the value of the X is 0.5 mol. Calculation: The number of ligand that is attached to the metal can be calculate as follows: X: (1-X) L: M y = ax  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­a (1-x) = x 1-x = 0.5 1-0.5 = 1 To calculate the molar absorptivity of the mixture is as follow: A= ÃŽ µbc 0.1490 nm = ÃŽ µ (1 cm) (0.5 mol) ÃŽ µ = 0.298 L mol−1 cm−1 Discussion: Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy Ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy provides information about compounds with conjugated double bonds. It consist just enough right energy to cause an electronic transition which is the promotion of an electron from one orbital to another higher energy. When a molecule absorbs ultraviolet light, a UV spectrum is obtained. However, if the molecule absorbs lower-energy visible light, a visible spectrum is obtained. Spectrophotometer The photographic methods of spectrophotometer are not very slow and expensive, but are also limited in accuracy in the measurement of absorption intensity. The accuracy will be in the range of  ±2 to  ±5%. The modern photoelectric spectrophotometer is known to be accurate within  ±0.2%for the intensity measurement. The photoelectric instruments incorporate one or more photo-cell with certain sensitivity over the whole wavelength range. Fe3+ complex and salicylic acid Ammonium Iron (III) sulfate is a double salt in the class of alums. It have the molecular formula of NH4Fe (SO4)2. Fe3+ complexes is a tridentate compound which means that can attach to the central atom. However, salicylic acid is a bidentate compound which means that they are chelate agent which they have two groups that can attach to the central atom. The molecular formula of salicylic acid is C7H6 O3, which the OH group is ortho to the carboxyl group (COOH). Jobs Method The empirical method shows that only single complex is formed between the reactants. This method also used to determine the complex stoichiometry of the molecular complexes, where hey have the ratio of 1:1. The more systematic method for the determination of complex stoichiometry is also known as Jobs method of continuous variation. This method is used for the photometric analysis of a mixture in the ratio of x: (1-x) volumes of equimolar solutions of concentration M of the two components A and B of the complex. It is assumed that there is no change in the volume when this 2 solution mixed. The equilibrium is expressed by the equation as the following: ÃŽ ±A+ ÃŽ ²B=AÃŽ ±BÃŽ ²=C K= [A]ÃŽ ±[B]ÃŽ ² [C] where, K=instability constant of the complex C. At experiment condition specified that the equmolar solutions of A and B of concentration M mixed in proportion x: (1-x): xM=[A]+ ÃŽ ±[C]=cA (1-x) M=[B]+ ÃŽ ² [C]=cB where, quantities in the square brackets = actual concentrations cA and cB=total concentrations of free plus complexes A and B It is assumed that all the 3 species which are A, B and C obey the Beers law at the selected wavelength. The absorbance A of the solution in a 1 cm cell is as follow: A= ÃŽ µC[C]+ ÃŽ µA[A]+ ÃŽ µB[B] and Δ A=A- ÃŽ µA[A]- ÃŽ µB[B]= ÃŽ µC[C] is the difference in absorbance of an actual solution and a mixture when there is no complexing reaction occurs. Δ A is proportional to[C]. The wavelength that is chosen is greatly different from ÃŽ µA and ÃŽ µB. To make the calculation easier, it can be assume that both ÃŽ µA and ÃŽ µB are 0. A plot of Δ A against x is then curve with a maximum, which is corresponds to: y = ÃŽ ± (ÃŽ ±+ ÃŽ ²) Graph and Results According to the graph plotted above, the curve with a highest peak can obtain ed. With the highest peak, the mole fraction of ligand and its absorbance can be calculated. The number of the ligand that attached to the metal can be mono-, bis-, or tris (5-fluorosalicylato) iron (III) complexes. In another hand, the complex can be formed together with the monohydroxo and dihydroxo side. Hence, the theoretical value for y may be 1,2 or 3. But for our case, the y value is 1. The y value of 1 indicated that for the mixture of salicylic acid and ammonium iron (III) sulphate have only 1 ligand that is attached to the iron (III) complex ion and they only have 2 bonds between the ligand and metal.. The ligand ratio may be due to different types of species distribution and electronic absorption band of the complexes in the spectrum. Besides that, by plotting the graph, the value ÃŽ µ can be calculated. The value of ÃŽ µ calculated is 0.298 L mol−1 cm−1. This indicate that the molar absorptivity of the mixture of ammonium (III) sulphate and salicylic acid is 0.298 L mol−1 cm−1. Device used to determine the spectrum of the salicylic acid and ammonium iron (III) sulphate The device that can be used to determine the spectrum of the salicylic acid and ammonium iron (III) sulphate is infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. The infrared spectroscopy can be used to identify the functional groups in the salicylic acid and ammonium iron (III) sulphate. The infrared spectrum can be obtained by passing a beam of infrared radiation through a sample of the complex. Then the detector will generate a plot of percent transmission of radiation versus the wavenumber or wavelength of the radiation that is transmitted. NMR spectroscopy is used to determine the structure. It can also used to identify the functionality at a specific carbon, how the neighboring carbon appear and how the entire structure of a molecule. When a sample is subjected to a radiofrequency (rf) radiation, the nuclei in the ÃŽ ±-spin state can be promoted to the ÃŽ ²-spin sate (called flipping the spin). When the nuclei return to their original state, they emit signals whose frequency depends on the difference in energy (ΔE) between the ÃŽ ±- and ÃŽ ²- spin states. The NMR spectrometer is used to detect the signals and display it as a plot of signal frequency versus intensity is known as an NMR spectrum. The mass spectroscopy can give a structural information about the salicylic acid and ammonium iron (III) sulphate because the m/z values and relative abundances of the fragments depends on the strength of the molecular ions bonds and the stability of the fragments. In the mass spectrometry, a small amount of a compound is introduced into an instrument called the mass spectrometer where it is vaporized and then ionized (an electron is removed from each molecule). The common methods that is use to bombard the vaporized molecules with a beam of high energy electrons. The energy of the beam can be varied. When the electron beam hits a molecule, it knocks out an electron producing a molecular ion. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy is used to determine the compounds with conjugated double bonds. When a molecule absorbs light of an appropriate wavelength, an electron can be promoted to a higher energy orbital. It is promoted from the highest occupied molecular (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). This is called the electron transition and the molecule is said to be in the excited state. The electronic transition with the lowest energy is promotion of a nonbonding electron (n) into a ÃŽ   antibonding molecular orbital. This is called the n ÃŽ  8 transition. The higher energy electronic transition is promotion of an electron from a ÃŽ   bonding molecular orbital into a ÃŽ   antibonding molecular orbital, a ÃŽ   ÃŽ  8 transition. This means that only a compounds with electrons or nonbonding electrons can produce UV/Vis spectra. Conclusion: The composition of the iron complex ions in solution can be observed by a spectrophotometer. With this, the complex ion can be determined by method of continuous variation or Jobs method. From this method, the number of ligand that attached to the metal can be determined. The determine value is y=1. This indicate that there are only 1 ligand is attached to the iron metal and they only have 2 bonds between the ligand and metal. The molar absorptivity (ÃŽ µ) of the mixture of ammonium iron (III) sulphate and salicylic acid is 0.298 L mol−1 cm−1.

Components of Mass Incarceration Essay

Mass incarceration of African Americans is one of the biggest problems that we as a society face today. Many of our African American men are either in jail, or on parole for crimes that are committed by whites everyday. Police often overlook those crimes when it comes down to whites but they do not for blacks. Hence why a lot of black men are missing from our society and locked away in prisons for years for such minuscule crimes. Yes they have committed a crime and need to be punished, but, at the same time white men are walking around committing the same crime, where is their punishment? Alexander raises these very pertinent points in â€Å"The New Jim Crow.† The three components of mass incarceration are denial, mainstream media and historical influence. Alexander states, â€Å"Today most Americans know and don’t know the truth about mass incarceration.†(181). What this means is that as a society Americans are either blinded or oblivious to the fact that there is a lack of education of how mass incarceration affects the African American communities. In many African American households they are missing father figures due to the fact that they are in jail. As Alexander mentions denial plays a huge roll in this. We know that a large number of African American males are in prison by watching mainstream media but yet we don’t care enough about it. According to Alexander â€Å"we tell our self that they deserve it.†(182). Americans have been painted a picture to see African American men as a whole, as criminals especially when it comes to drugs. When in fact white males are prone to do the exact same crimes and not be targeted by police. Mainstream media helps to greatly contribute to these lies that we are bein g fed about mass incarceration. Shows such as â€Å"Orange is the New Black† depict a different story. The show focuses on a Caucasian woman who is in jail for soliciting drugs. While she is in jail they show you a very multiracial and diverse group of woman. Shows like these help to contribute to why we believe that prisons are filled with not only blacks but also a  wide variety of ethnicities One thing that the show just briefly touches on that Alexander talks about in great lengths is how mass incarceration â€Å"traps† African Americans. â€Å"Orange is the New Black† showed the viewers in one episode a very â€Å"real† side of the prison life when they just slightly touch on the story of a black woman who was released from prison on good behavior and she gets out in to the real world and she has no family, no where to turn and she can not get a job due to her prison record and she ends back up in jail. When she gets back in jail she screams, â€Å"I’m home.† This is exactly what Alexander spends majority of her essay speaking about, she says that we are trapped in a â€Å"birdcage.† She says this because no matter how we try to â€Å"beat the system† we are always going to be trapped no matter what we try to do. Historical influence has and will always be a part of African American history. As Alexander’s title of her article is â€Å"The New Jim Crow.† She feels as if the prison system is another form of Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow laws were established to keep black men down which are exactly what the prison systems are doing according to Alexander. She states â€Å"Jim Crow and mass incarceration have political origins.†(190). She continues to say that the white elites desire to exploit these black men and how mass incarceration is similar to a caste system (190). Alexander thinks that mass incarceration is a â€Å"trap† so to speak and how they catch these black men and put them in jail is like a modern day Jim Crow. The only difference is that it does not seem so racist and the people are giving the illusion that mass incarceration is actually protecting them. Alexander raises many good points in her article about mass incarceration. Without all the misleading information that you see in the media about the prison systems being a mixture of many different races would we, as Americans still feel safe? Or would we feel in a way like we are being subjected subliminal racism?

Market Entry Plan Essay

The Aluminum market in Europe does not have a good prospect to be expanded. Alcoa claimed that it will shut down the factory in Portovesme, Italy, and reduce the output of the factory in Spain. This is because Alcoa and European commission have argued for the power supply contract for a long time. Moreover, the European debt crisis led to a depressed economy. Thus, Alcoa decided to turn its market out of Europe and then start to look for other oversea markets. Although, Africa is one of the poorest continents of the world, in some countries, such as Mozambique, the economy has been growing steadily. From this prospective, we recommend Alcoa to open up the market in Mozambique, South Africa. We conducted the research based on sources from on-line resources. Our proposal focuses on analyzing the operation of Alcoa and the opportunity of a new market. 2. About Alcoa Alcoa is the world’s most famous producer of aluminum and fabricated aluminum, and it is the biggest miner of bauxite and refiner of alumina. Alcoa has over 61,000 employees and over 200 locations in 31 countries. Alcoa not only provides hard alloy extrusions, forgings, Alcoa ® wheels, but also has its expertise in other light metals. The sales of Alcoa were $25 billion in 2011. 2. 1 Brief History Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa Inc. ) has 120-years’ history. During the 1920’s, Alcoa monopolized aluminum production in North America and produced more than 63 percent of the world output. At the end of World War I, Alcoa produced excessive capacity, especially for civilian uses. However, the war made Alcoa realize that it was very important to improve the quality of product, and Alcoa invested more money in research and development. In 1925, Alcoa entered the first external market, Canada, and it held over half the rimary aluminum in the world. In 1958, Alcoa started the first major overseas mine-to-metal venture in Suriname. After the successful venture in Suriname, Alcoa decided to expand the offshore ventures. In 1960s, Alcoa developed operations in Australia and Brazil. At the same time, Alcoa drove the strategy to focus on commercial real estate construction and fabricated products. The Easy-Ope n aluminum technology made Alcoa hold a large percentage of the canned beer market. In the 1970’s, Alcoa continuously expanded the overseas market and used mathematic modeling to control the production. In the 1980’s and the 1990’s, Alcoa focused on producing non-aluminum products and was concerned about safety. From 2000 to present, Alcoa has made strategic mergers and acquisitions, such as Alumax, Reynolds. 2. 2 Business Operation Alcoa Business System (ABS) is the core used to manage Alcoa businesses. Here are its three principles: ?Make to Use The first principle is based on customers’ will and demand, such as single-piece production, on demand; defect free, at the lowest possible cost, made safely. ?Eliminate Waste The second principle aims at exposing and solving problems and focuses on cost cutting and cost saving during all their manufacturing and business processes. ?The People Linchpin the System The third principle is concerned with creating on environment which satisfies people. Also, Alcoa tries to identify and solve problems, and link to their transition from â€Å"make to inventory† to â€Å"make to use†. 2. 3 Product Scope Alcoa produces various products, such as flat-rolled products, hard alloy extrusions, and forgings; as well as Alcoa ® wheels, fastening systems, and precision. Here are some important products of Alcoa: ?Aerospace Alcoa is the world leader in single-crystal technology for advanced castings that withstand the extreme temperatures of clean-burning aero engines. ?Automotive Alcoa builds a better car, truck, trailer or vessel. The reason for this is using more aluminum to reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, which significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions. ?Building & Construction Alcoa has always offered unique advantages for designing the shape, appearance and sustainability of modern buildings. These new aluminum components can achieve green building standards. Alcoa also provides high-performance glass, which allows for efficient light control, lower energy consumption, corrosion-resistance and immunity from the harmful effects of UV rays. ?Packaging Aluminum packaging solutions deliver freshness, convenience, and security for food, beverages and other products. For example, the aluminum bottle offers premium, high-end packaging options. 2. 4 Targeted Market According to the statistics, Asia, North America and Western Europe are the top three aluminum consumption areas in the world. In Asian region, such as China, Korea and India, these developing countries have an increasing demand for aluminum. However, the total amount of aluminum consumed in America, Canada and Japan experienced a downward trend. At this point, Alcoa’s target market should pay more attention to China and India. Besides, although Africa is endowed with natural resources, aluminum resources have no commercially exploited value. Therefore, all the producing raw materials are dependent on imports from foreign countries in South Africa. In other words, Africa is mainly producing primary and secondary aluminum products. As a result, if Alcoa exports other forms of aluminum products to Africa, Alcoa will gain a huge profit. Figure 1: Target Market of Alcoa 2. 5 Strength and Weakness Alcoa is the world’s largest miner of bauxite and refiner of alumina. Also, it has a long history started in 1888 so the company is an expert in administration and producing. In addition, Alcoa is the leading producer of primary aluminum and fabricated aluminum all over the world. Alcoa has received many records and good will, such as 100 Best Corporate Citizens 2012—Corporate Responsibility Magazine. What is more, advanced techniques and unremitting effort in innovation make its products and services play an important role in the aluminum market. However, Alcoa is faced with the problem of pollution. For example, Alcoa’s pollutions made the residents who lived six kilometers away from the factories get sick. As a result, Alcoa was punished by the government in Australia. 3. New Oversea Market: Mozambique Located in Southeast Africa, bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world. Mozambique is abundant in rich and extensive natural resources, and its economy is based largely on agriculture. Today, the economy is growing very fast in Mozambique, and the developed legal system makes Mozambique become a hope in this poor continent. We recommend Alcoa to enter this market, because of the prosperous development of Mozambique. 3. 1 Economy in Mozambique Mozambique is in the poorest region in the poorest continent of the world, Sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, it was considered as the second poorest country, with a per capita GDP below the African average. 4 percent of the population of Mozambique was below the poverty line in 2008. But, economic growth in Mozambique has been strong since the country’s civil war ended in 1992, and it has emerged as one of the fasted growing economies. Since 1996, economic growth has been stable; the economic growth rate was around 6. 2 percent in 2009. The inflation rate has been around its lowest level in a decade. Also, the rea l income grew rapidly, and it tripled in the same decade. Moreover, the real income has grown by 14 percent in 2001 and 11 percent in 2002. However, Zimbabwe, a neighboring country, has declined 8 percent in 2001 and 6 percent in 2002. Currently, more foreign firms have invested in Mozambique, and these firms are mostly in the aluminum industry and mining industry. The foreign enterprises can enjoy tax privileges in Mozambique. In 2010, UK exported around 112 million pounds to Mozambique with imports at almost 78 million pounds. A British mining group has invested 1. 3 billion dollars in the country, which covered aluminum industry, tourism, and it leads to much foreign exchange. The large towns and cities have been promoted by the influence of foreign investment; however, the influence does not apply to the rural area in Mozambique. We can infer that the economy in Mozambique is the hope of this region, comparing to other country in Sub-Saharan Africa. 3. 2 Political System in Mozambique During the civil war, the politics and economy were disrupted. Since the end of the civil war, the political situation in Mozambique has been stable. The government is determined to maintain national unity, and implements appropriate and pragmatic politic policy. Mozambique held the first democratic elections on October 1994, under international scrutiny. Although some limitation exists, for example, the electoral process was boycotted in municipal elections in 1998; this election system can help the electorate to express their will. Mozambique now has developed an elected democracy, which gives rise to a strong legal system. Moreover, a good legal system protects private property and provides incentive to people to invest and produce by both domestic and foreign investors. 3. 3 International Relationship Mozambique has very close relations with its formerly British-ruled neighbours in Africa, because these countries shared experience that fought against white rule. This led to Mozambique joining the Commonwealth in 1995. Mozambique also dispatched troops to contribute to the United Nations, helping them in peacekeeping affairs in Burundi, and participated in South African Development Community peacekeeping training and planning. 3. 4 Aluminum industry in Mozambique 3. 4. 1 Brief Introduction of the Market Alcoa is located in 31 countries all over the world. However, it is only located in two countries in Africa: Morocco and Guinea. To start up a new business in Africa is a brand new challenge for Alcoa. Mozambique is growing rapidly in recent years. The Aluminum industry has a very significant impact on this country’s economy. In order to attract foreign investment and capital, Mozambique’s government takes special policy. The country is not the producer of minerals, but the overseer and promoter of mining activities. This is good news and a great chance for Alcoa to enter the aluminum market in Mozambique. The development of Mozambique’s economy urges big companies’ entry like Alcoa to provide funds and advanced technique. The labor wage is low there, which is also a benefit for Alcoa. Aluminum is a key element in Mozambique’s economic growth. The export of aluminum accounts for nearly 60% of the country’s total export amount. The strongest rival is Mozal, which is the largest company among the country. However, the potential market is still huge. The construction of buildings and machines for production are all relative with aluminum. The fast growth of economy in Mozambique will drive the demand of aluminum. The domestic market can not satisfy the demand and will turn to foreign companies or investment. It provides a great opportunity for Alcoa to gain a sizable market share in this new market. 3. 4. 2 Operation in Mozambique ?Geography Mozambique lies beside the Indian Ocean in southern Africa, and this convenient location is good for delivering goods or trading with others through marine transportation. Besides, it is relatively easier to generate electricity here by taking advantage of sea water at a coastal position. ?Natural Resources Mozambique is well endowed with natural resources, such as coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, and graphite. However, the country’s natural resources are not fully exploited. Mineral resources such as gold, gemstones and bauxite have not been mined yet. Mozambique’s natural wealth can satisfy Alcoa’s demand for natural resources. ?Transportation Under great efforts, Mozambique’s transportation infrastructure has been improved in recent years. The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) aimed at improving current infrastructure conditions in Africa. The first phase of the AICD focused on 24 countries that together account for 85 percent of the gross domestic product, population, and infrastructure aid flow in Sub-Saharan Africa. Mozambique was included in these 24 countries. Transportation plays an essential role in a company’s business plan to purchase raw materials or deliveries of finished goods to customers. ?Local Government Policy Since its first trade policy review in 2001, Mozambique has taken actions to liberalize its trade regime. Its tariff was reduced in 2002 and again in 2007, with maximum rates lowered from 30% to 20%. Therefore, it is a piece of good news for foreign companies to directly invest in this market. ?Workforce Mozambique is a developing country. Compared to developed countries, Mozambique’s labor cost is relatively low. As a result, it helps Alcoa reduce costs and increase revenue. Take the minimum wage for a 19-year old worker or an apprentice for an example: in Mozambique, the wage is 80. 5 US dollars per month, Australia is 1597. 1 US dollars per month, Brazil is 299. 6 US dollars per month, Jamaica is 215. 0 US per month, and China is 182. 5 US dollars per month. ?Economic Condition The economy was boosted in many aspects, such as mining, financial service and construction, which helped to push GDP real growth rate to 7. 2 percent in 2011. Moreover, the consistence of high foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, along with strong agricultural growth and infrastructure investment will drive growth to 7. 5 percent and 7. 9 percent in 2012 and 2013. Good economic conditions indicate Alcoa can gain huge potential profits. Figure 2: Real GDP growth of South Africa ?Advanced Technology Alcoa is the world’s third largest producer of aluminum so it implies that Alcoa has advanced technology and equipment. It well known that Mozambique has abundant resources, but aluminum firms in Mozambique can only produce limited types of aluminum products out of technology problems. Under this situation, with its advanced technology, Alcoa can produce aluminum products which are extremely demanded by Mozambique’s market. 3. 5 Competitors: Mozal: Mozal, an aluminum smelter is belong to BHP Billiton, is located in the Maputo province of southern Mozambique. Mozal was the first major project for BHP Billiton in Mozambique and it was Mozambique’s largest private investment in the past 30 years. BHP Billiton is a leading global resources company and one of the world’s largest producers of major commodities. Mozal is one of the largest smelters in Mozambique; the output of Mozal is more than 500,000 tones of aluminum per year. In the two construction phases, the project of Mozal contributed more than 160 million to the local economy. Especially the employment of Mozambican, which make good use of the local labor and stimulate the local’s contractors and suppliers’ profit. The local government and the Mozal’s operations teams have created a great achievement by cooperation. Harmonious industrial relations were created during the construction period; no days were lost because of any industrial action. The local government and the Mozal have benefited a lot from needs-based infrastructure, social and community development projects. It’s a kind of win-win cooperation. 4. Evaluation Alcoa’s expansion in to Mozambique is a bold attempt as Alcoa does not have much experience of open up a new business in Africa. However, as one of the most famous companies in aluminum industry, it can provide adequate funds and mature management to support the operation in Mozambique. This country’s development relies greatly on foreign companies’ investment. Government in Mozambique will provide preferential policy to Alcoa. Besides, the low labor cost in Mozambique helps Alcoa to save operation cost. Although Mozal, the strongest competitor, has taken the largest project in Mozambique, the potential for Alcoa to enter this market is strong. Alcoa has built up a good reputation, with a long history and rich experience in aluminum industry, and this cannot be competed by Mozal. We recommend that Alcoa should seize this opportunity to enter the aluminum market in Mozambique with its advanced technology and experienced management.

Police Brutality Should Not Be Swept Under The Rug

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